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{
"title": "Former White House aide Seb Gorka shoves Mediaite reporter at CPAC",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/former-white-house-aide-seb-gorka-shoves-mediaite-reporter-cpac/",
"first_published_at": "2018-02-23T22:25:02.552813Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-04-15T18:03:39.685149Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-04-15T18:03:39.584998Z",
"date": "2018-02-22",
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"city": "National Harbor",
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"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"ccpv6\">Mediaite reporter Caleb Ecarma was shoved by former White House adviser Sebastian Gorka while attempting to interview him at the Conservative Political Action Conference in National Harbor, Maryland, on Feb. 22, 2018.</p><p data-block-key=\"ajy9j\">Ecarma told the Freedom of the Press Foundation that he approached Sebastian Gorka with the intention of interviewing him about the <a href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/at-cpac-seb-gorka-is-a-cult-hero-who-gets-mobbed-by-fans\">Conservative Political Action Conference</a>. But before he could ask a question, he said, Gorka told him to “fuck off” and then shoved him.</p><p data-block-key=\"9igjm\">Daily Beast reporter Max Tani captured published a video of the altercation on Twitter. The video shows Gorka shaking Ecarma’s hand and then shoving him backwards.</p></div>\n<div class=\"block-raw_html\"><blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-conversation=\"none\" data-lang=\"en\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">It’s hard to hear, but <a href=\"https://twitter.com/calebecarma?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@calebecarma</a> tells me Gorka told him to “fuck off” and he won’t talk to him because Caleb is “irrelevant.” <a href=\"https://t.co/ewaBsqrqbz\">pic.twitter.com/ewaBsqrqbz</a></p>— Max Tani (@maxwelltani) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/maxwelltani/status/966697412235550720?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">February 22, 2018</a></blockquote>\r\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script>\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Seb Gorka just got in my face, told me to "fuck off" and shoved me — guess he's still not my biggest fan <a href=\"https://t.co/VLm0fdceLN\">https://t.co/VLm0fdceLN</a></p>— Caleb Ecarma (@calebecarma) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/calebecarma/status/966701660331479040?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">February 22, 2018</a></blockquote>\r\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script></div>\n<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"bmwcp\">Addy Baird, a reporter at the progressive news site ThinkProgress, asked Gorka to comment on his interaction with Ecarma. She later tweeted that Gorka refused to answer her questions and denounced ThinkProgress as an illegitimate news outlet, and then whistled at her and insulted her.</p></div>\n<div class=\"block-raw_html\"><blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">So, I found Seb Gorka and asked him for comment on the video of him attacking a reporter this morning.<br>“Who are you? Where are you from?”<br>I tell him.<br>“ThinkProgress isn’t reporters. I’m not interested.” <br>He starts walking away, then turns around and WHISTLES at me.</p>— Addy Baird 👽 (@addysue) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/addysue/status/966784282256723969?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">February 22, 2018</a></blockquote>\r\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script>\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">“I have a comment for you.” I walk back over. “You’re as much of a reporter as he is.”</p>— Addy Baird 👽 (@addysue) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/addysue/status/966784390717157377?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">February 22, 2018</a></blockquote>\r\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script></div>\n<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"urpwx\">Ecarma and Gorka have a history.</p><p data-block-key=\"1hjlg\">“In October, I made a joke on Twitter about Gorka’s car because he drives a four cylinder Mustang instead of a V8, which is the flagship model of the car,” Ecarma said. “He took offense to a joke tweet, and he emailed me asking where he wanted to meet, as in, to fight.”</p><p data-block-key=\"df681\">Ecarma said that he accepted <a href=\"https://www.mediaite.com/online/seb-gorka-just-challenged-me-to-a-fight-over-email-and-i-accepted/\">Gorka’s invitation</a> to meet in person and Gorka then suggested a televised debate instead. Ecarma said that he agreed to a televised debate, but the former Trump aide never followed up to schedule it.</p><p data-block-key=\"4zfgm\">Later that year in December 2017, Ecarma bumped into Gorka in person in at the Turning Point USA Student Action Summit in Florida. He says that after he introduced himself, Gorka lunged at him and had to be pulled off by security.</p></div>",
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"image_caption": "<p data-block-key=\"lnihc\">Former White House aide Sebastian Gorka lectures Mediaite reporter Caleb Ecarma after shoving him, in this screengrab from a video shot by Daily Beast reporter Max Tani.</p>",
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{
"title": "Freelance journalist subpoenaed by financial firm that he wrote about",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/freelance-journalist-subpoenaed-financial-firm-he-wrote-about/",
"first_published_at": "2018-05-17T18:22:37.236780Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-04-15T18:04:51.445023Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-04-15T18:04:51.313994Z",
"date": "2018-02-14",
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"city": "Portland",
"longitude": -122.67621,
"latitude": 45.52345,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"61648\">Arun Gupta, a freelance journalist whose work has been published in The Nation and The Guardian, was subpoenaed on Feb. 14, 2018, to testify at a deposition about a Nation article he wrote. Gupta did not contest <a href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4465590-Arun-Gupta-subpoena.html\">the subpoena</a> but refused to answer any questions related to his journalism and reporting process.</p><p data-block-key=\"5bx6v\">In August 2016, The Nation published “<a href=\"https://www.thenation.com/article/archive/the-financial-firm-that-cornered-the-market-on-jails/\">The Financial Firm That Cornered the Market on Jails</a>,” an article by Gupta about Stored Value Cards — a financial firm, also known as Numi, that provides prepaid debit cards to local jails — and a class-action lawsuit that a former jail inmate filed against the firm.</p><p data-block-key=\"qa7t2\">In February 2018, as part of its defense in that class-action lawsuit, Numi subpoenaed Gupta to testify about his reporting.</p><p data-block-key=\"2q9i8\">“Recently, Numi and the bank subpoenaed and deposed me in order to gain access to all my potential notes, sources, documentation, recordings, and so on,” Gupta told the Freedom of the Press Foundation.</p><p data-block-key=\"n9r5j\">Gupta said that Numi originally tried to depose him in New York, but that his attorney was able to get the subpoena moved to Oregon, a state with a very strong press shield law.</p><p data-block-key=\"mq8fu\">Gupta oped to comply with the subpoena and was deposed on Feb. 28 at the Portland offices of Davis Wright Tremaine, the media law firm representing him. At the deposition, he refused to answer any questions related to his reporting, citing reporter’s privilege.</p><p data-block-key=\"8yxqx\">“Because Oregon has such strong media shield laws, my lawyer was able to bat down virtually every question the [company’s] lawyer threw at me,” he said. “They got some information about my educational and work history, but nothing else.”</p></div>",
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"Subpoena/Legal Order"
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{
"title": "Miami Herald reporter Alex Harris harassed after fake tweets go viral",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/miami-herald-reporter-alex-harris-harassed-after-fake-tweets-go-viral/",
"first_published_at": "2018-03-03T01:12:18.686002Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-04-15T20:27:14.976199Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-04-15T20:27:14.887477Z",
"date": "2018-02-14",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "Miami",
"longitude": -80.19366,
"latitude": 25.77427,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"cr608\">Alex Harris, a reporter at the Miami Herald, was harassed online after fake tweets attributed to her went viral in the aftermath of a mass shooting in Parkland, Florida.</p><p data-block-key=\"j4sow\">On Feb. 14, 2018, while reporting on the mass shooting, Harris tweeted at some of the people who had survived the mass shooting and tweeted about it, asking them if they wanted to talk to the Herald about what happened.</p><p data-block-key=\"1jx4p\">These are two of the real tweets that she sent to people who tweeted about the shooting:</p></div>\n<div class=\"block-raw_html\"><blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-conversation=\"none\" data-lang=\"en\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Hi Alan, I'm heartbroken to hear about your friend. I hope your friend is OK. I know you're probably overwhelmed right now, but if you'd be comfortable talking to me about it for the <a href=\"https://twitter.com/MiamiHerald?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@MiamiHerald</a> , you can follow back to DM</p>— Alex Harris (@harrisalexc) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/harrisalexc/status/963894908506574848?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">February 14, 2018</a></blockquote>\r\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script>\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-conversation=\"none\" data-lang=\"en\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">Hi Mads, I'm so sorry to hear that you and your friends went through such a trauma. It's good to hear you guys are safe. I know you're overwhelmed right now, but if you're comfortable with it I'd like to ask you questions for the <a href=\"https://twitter.com/MiamiHerald?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@MiamiHerald</a>. Follow back if it's OK to DM</p>— Alex Harris (@harrisalexc) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/harrisalexc/status/963902245170503680?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">February 14, 2018</a></blockquote>\r\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script></div>\n<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"ltwk4\">In response, a number of random Twitter users criticized Harris for doing her job. It’s not uncommon for random people on Twitter to harass journalists for attempting to reach out to sources on Twitter, but the harassment campaign against Harris escalated when one of her critics created and shared doctored versions of two of her tweets.</p><p data-block-key=\"bunoy\">The first fake tweet read: “Hi Alan, I know you’re probably overwhelmed right now, but could you please get us pictures or videos of the dead bodies? @MiamiHerald, you can follow back to DM”</p><p data-block-key=\"taw49\">The second fake tweet read: “Hi Mads, I’m so sorry to hear that you and your friends went through such a trauma. Did you see the shooter? Was he white? If so, I’d like to ask you questions for the @MiamiHerald. Follow back if it’s OK to DM”</p><p data-block-key=\"27lim\">As the fake tweets went viral, Harris tried to set the record straight:</p></div>\n<div class=\"block-raw_html\"><blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">There are 2 fake tweets circulating today attributed to me. They are doctored versions of tweets I sent while trying to tell the stories of victims and survivors -- important stories that need to be heard. I did not ask if the shooter was white nor ask for photos of dead bodies.</p>— Alex Harris (@harrisalexc) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/harrisalexc/status/963984304333295616?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">February 15, 2018</a></blockquote>\r\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script></div>\n<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"w252u\">Harris <a href=\"https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/janelytvynenko/doctored-reporter-tweets\">told BuzzFeed News</a> that the fake tweets likely made people less willing to talk to her, preventing her from doing her job.</p><p data-block-key=\"aoca2\">“Someone offered a victim $30 to talk to the competition and asked for people to send them money so they could offer more,” she told BuzzFeed News. “People kept saying, ‘Don’t talk to her, she’s racist,’ and it just kept getting worse.”</p><p data-block-key=\"0g7j1\">She <a href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/02/27/589279395/miami-herald-journalist-explains-how-a-hoax-tweet-affected-her-reporting-on-shoo\">told NPR</a> that she tried to get Twitter to remove screenshots of the fake tweets, to no avail.</p><p data-block-key=\"bsetg\">“I reported every tweet where someone sent me the screenshot,” she said. “I reported them for abuse, for harassment, from impersonation. And Twitter sent me back continuous this is not a violation of our policy, so nothing was done. Twitter’s policy on impersonation only covers people who impersonate an entire account, not a specific tweet.”</p><p data-block-key=\"lyhiy\">Senator Bill Nelson, the top-ranking Democrat on the Senate Commerce Committee, has asked Twitter executives to appear before the committee on March 6 in order to explain its handling of the situation</p><p data-block-key=\"00w47\">“Officials from Twitter on Monday will be providing us with a briefing on how these perpetrators were able to use the company’s popular online platform to pull off this hoax,” a spokesman for the senator <a href=\"http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/nation-world/national/article202976064.html\">told McClatchy DC</a>.</p></div>",
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{
"title": "DOJ secretly seizes phone and email records belonging to New York Times reporter Ali Watkins",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/doj-secretly-seizes-phone-and-email-records-new-york-times-reporter-ali-watkins/",
"first_published_at": "2018-06-11T22:15:07.414735Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-08-15T17:50:05.626653Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-08-15T17:50:05.516177Z",
"date": "2018-02-13",
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"city": "Washington",
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"latitude": 38.89511,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"noheb\">On Feb. 13, 2018, the Department of Justice notified New York Times journalist Ali Watkins that it had seized years of her phone and email records. Since Watkins was only informed after the fact, she had no way to challenge the seizure.</p><p data-block-key=\"g5jd9\">Watkins is a national security reporter at the Times, who previously worked at BuzzFeed, Politico, and McClatchy. In February, she received a letter from the Justice Department, informing her that it had obtained her customer records and subscriber information from Verizon and Google. </p><p data-block-key=\"4awc1\">Those records, known as “metadata,” include details of each and every call, text message, and email that she sent between 2014 or so, when she was still an undergraduate intern, and December 2017. The metadata does not include the actual content of her calls and emails, but does include the recipient of each call and email, the duration of each call, and the timestamp of each message.</p><p data-block-key=\"00j3o\">The Justice Department <a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/10/business/media/justice-department-press-first-amendment.html\">seized</a> Watkins’ records as part of an investigation into her confidential sources. Between 2014 and late 2017, Watkins was romantically involved with James Wolfe, the director of security for the Senate Intelligence Committee. The Justice Department began an <a href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/in-charging-senate-staffer-and-seizing-reporters-records-justice-dept-ignites-debate-over-leak-crackdown/2018/06/08/6967e630-6b36-11e8-bf8c-f9ed2e672adf_story.html\">investigation of Wolfe</a> in connection with the leak of classified information to Watkins and other reporters. In December 2017, FBI agents interviewed Wolfe about his contacts with reporters, including Watkins. Federal investigators also approached Watkins around the same time, but she refused to speak with them.</p><p data-block-key=\"xyf73\">In February 2018, a grand jury indicted Wolfe on charges of lying to federal investigators, in connection with statements he allegedly made during the December interview. The indictment <a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/07/us/politics/times-reporter-phone-records-seized.html\">accuses</a> Wolfe of making false statements about the extent of his contacts with reporters, including Watkins. It also accuses him of making false statements about disclosing sensitive information to Watkins and another reporter.</p><p data-block-key=\"pskqz\">Wolfe has not been indicted on charges of leaking classified information — to Watkins or any other reporters — and Watkins told her editors at the Times that he was not a source of classified information for her.</p><p data-block-key=\"zeg06\">The <a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/08/business/media/ali-watkins-records-seized.html\">seizure of Watkins’ phone and email records</a> is the <a href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/style/young-reporter-in-leak-investigation-enjoyed-meteoric-rise-in-washington-journalism/2018/06/08/a026027e-6b5e-11e8-bea7-c8eb28bc52b1_story.html\">first (publicly-known) instance</a> of the Justice Department obtaining a journalist’s communications records since Trump took office.</p><p data-block-key=\"lperl\">In 2013, during the Obama administration, it was revealed that the Justice Department secretly obtained access to a Fox News reporter’s private email account, and to months of phone records belonging to the dozens of Associated Press reporters, in an attempt to identify journalists’ sources.</p><p data-block-key=\"oowkj\">After public outcry, the current Justice Department <a href=\"https://www.ap.org/media-center/ap-in-the-news/2015/new-guidelines-issued-for-us-news-media-leak-investigations/\">implemented</a> voluntary guidelines in 2015. <a href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/cfr/text/28/50.10\">These guidelines</a> direct the Department of Justice to only subpoena journalists for information as a last resort and require the attorney general to personally approve any subpoena of a journalist or news organization.</p><p data-block-key=\"pp78y\">The guidelines also instruct the department to provide news organizations of advance notice of subpoenas and records requests related to journalism, so that the news organizations have a chance to fight the subpoenas in court before they are carried out. The guidelines specifically state that the journalist should be given advance notice, “unless the Attorney General determines that, for compelling reasons, such notice would pose a clear and substantial threat to the integrity of the investigation, risk grave harm to national security, or present an imminent risk of death or serious bodily harm.”</p><p data-block-key=\"ni1pq\">Watkins and The New York Times were not given advance notice or the opportunity to challenge the seizure in court. A Justice Department spokeswoman told the Times that the department “fully complied” with its internal guidelines when seizing Watkins’ records.</p><p data-block-key=\"irs07\">The Trump administration has floated the idea of modifying the internal guidelines but so far has not done so. According to the Times, deputy attorney general Rod Rosenstein told a group of journalists on June 6, 2018 that the guidelines remained in effect.</p></div>",
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"(2018-06-13 19:00:00+00:00) DOJ's reason for not giving advance notice",
"(2018-06-12 19:00:00+00:00) CBP agent approached Watkins"
],
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"tags": [
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},
{
"title": "KGTV journalist subpoenaed to testify about car accident he witnessed",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/kgtv-journalist-subpoenaed-testify-about-car-accident-he-witnessed/",
"first_published_at": "2018-04-27T22:54:05.990144Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-04-15T18:24:18.289590Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-04-15T18:24:18.190612Z",
"date": "2018-02-13",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "San Diego",
"longitude": -117.16472,
"latitude": 32.71571,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"06tsc\">KGTV 10News San Diego photojournalist Paul Anderegg was subpoenaed on Feb. 13, 2018, to testify about a car crash that he witnessed during the course of his reporting. The subpoena was <a href=\"https://www.voiceofsandiego.org/topics/news/county-loses-another-bid-to-haul-a-journalist-into-court/\">quashed</a> on March 29.</p><p data-block-key=\"kivrx\">On July 18, 2017, Anderegg arrived at the stalled car of Israel Morales. According to the Voice of San Diego, Morales was pushing his vehicle on the 1-5 freeway where it was then struck by another car. He was later charged with three misdemeanors, including two counts of drunk driving. Prosecutors <a href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4448971-Paul-Anderegg-subpoena.html\">subpoenaed</a> Anderegg to testify as a witness in the criminal trial on Feb. 15, 2018.</p><p data-block-key=\"5j11s\">Anderegg fought the subpoena, arguing that <a href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&sectionNum=SEC.%202.&article=I\">California’s shield law</a> protected him from testifying about his reporting. California’s shield law, which is enshrined into the state’s constitution, states:</p></div>\n<div class=\"block-blockquote\">\n\n<blockquote class=\"blockquote\" cite=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&sectionNum=SEC.%202.&article=I\">\n\t<div class=\"rich-text\"><p data-block-key=\"ajodm\">A publisher, editor, reporter, or other person connected with or employed upon a newspaper, magazine, or other periodical publication, or by a press association or wire service, or any person who has been so connected or employed, shall not be adjudged in contempt by a judicial, legislative, or administrative body, or any other body having the power to issue subpoenas, for refusing to disclose the source of any information procured while so connected or employed for publication in a newspaper, magazine or other periodical publication, or for refusing to disclose any unpublished information obtained or prepared in gathering, receiving or processing of information for communication to the public.</p><p data-block-key=\"v3247\">Nor shall a radio or television news reporter or other person connected with or employed by a radio or television station, or any person who has been so connected or employed, be so adjudged in contempt for refusing to disclose the source of any information procured while so connected or employed for news or news commentary purposes on radio or television, or for refusing to disclose any unpublished information obtained or prepared in gathering, receiving or processing of information for communication to the public.</p><p data-block-key=\"xidd4\">As used in this subdivision, “unpublished information” includes information not disseminated to the public by the person from whom disclosure is sought, whether or not related information has been disseminated and includes, but is not limited to, all notes, outtakes, photographs, tapes or other data of whatever sort not itself disseminated to the public through a medium of communication, whether or not published information based upon or related to such material has been disseminated.</p></div>\n\t\n\t\t<cite class=\"blockquote__citation\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"blockquote__link text-link\" href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=CONS&sectionNum=SEC.%202.&article=I\">\n\t\t\t\t<p data-block-key=\"qyqpd\">California Constitution, Article I, Section 2(b)</p>\n\t\t\t</a>\n\t\t</cite>\n\t\n</blockquote>\n</div>\n<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"wm0sh\">But San Diego County prosecutors argued that the shield law should not apply because Anderegg had not been acting as a journalist at the time of the accident, citing the fact that Anderegg had encouraged Morales to push his car onto the shoulder and then had called 911 after the accident.</p><p data-block-key=\"3nw1b\">“There was nothing that felt like it was a story when he got out of the car,” Deputy District Attorney Joel Madero said during a court hearing on the subpoena.</p><p data-block-key=\"cvudh\">Matthew Halgren, Anderegg’s attorney, said that Anderegg was acting as a journalist when he stopped by Morales’ stalled car.</p><p data-block-key=\"apfef\">“Mr. Anderegg went to the scene of the incident specifically to gather news, and he was engaged in the process of collecting information and making video recordings for use in a television news broadcast the entire time he was there,” he told the Freedom of the Press Foundation. “The fact that he simultaneously made additional communications did not change the fact that his observations were made as part of the uninterrupted newsgathering process.”</p><p data-block-key=\"0zdcm\">“It is hardly possible for reporters to be completely passive observers during a newsworthy incident, and a reporter does not abandon his craft when he speaks to people around him or makes a telephone call,” he added. “Additionally, removing the protection of the shield law from a reporter who assists 9-1-1 dispatchers and first responders would create a perverse disincentive for reporters to provide assistance during emergencies.”</p><p data-block-key=\"2a32z\">On March 29, at a court hearing in front of retired judge Carl Davis, the prosecutors and Halgren made their cases for and against the subpoena. Davis ruled that the California shield law did apply to Anderegg and the subpoena should be quashed.</p><p data-block-key=\"s2a3b\">“He went there as a journalist and turned on his camera, and it stayed on,” judge Davis said, according to the Voice of San Diego.</p><p data-block-key=\"5ceqj\">This is not the first time that Halgren has helped a journalist fight a subpoena. Earlier this year, he represented Kelly Davis, a freelance reporter who was subpoenaed to testify about her reporting on the high number of deaths in San Diego County jails. The subpoena against Davis was defeated.</p></div>",
"introduction": "",
"teaser": "On March 19, the subpoena was quashed.",
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"name": "California",
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{
"title": "Las Vegas judge orders Review-Journal and AP not to report on publicly-available autopsy report",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/las-vegas-judge-orders-review-journal-and-ap-not-report-publicly-available-autopsy-report/",
"first_published_at": "2018-02-27T20:45:42.886457Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-04-15T18:59:30.719848Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-04-15T18:59:30.619037Z",
"date": "2018-02-09",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "Las Vegas",
"longitude": -115.13722,
"latitude": 36.17497,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"gcfxl\">On Feb. 9, 2018, a Las Vegas judge ordered the Las Vegas Review-Journal and The Associated Press to destroy their copies of an autopsy report of an off-duty police officer killed in a mass shooting.</p><p data-block-key=\"fbf20\">On Jan. 31, Clark County District Court Judge Timothy Williams <a href=\"https://www.reviewjournal.com/investigations/judge-orders-release-of-las-vegas-shooting-autopsy-reports/\">ordered</a> the Clark County Coroner’s Office to release 58 redacted autopsy reports of the victims of the Las Vegas mass shooting to the Review-Journal and AP, which had sued to acquire the records. Following the ruling, the coroner’s office released the autopsy reports to dozens of news organizations. On Feb. 15, The Huffington Post published <a href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/las-vegas-autopsy-documents_n_5a8234efe4b01467fcf08b97\">summaries</a> of all 58 autopsy reports.</p><p data-block-key=\"ml5jv\">The reports that were released to the press were partially redacted and did not include the victims’ names, ages, or other personal and identifying information.</p><p data-block-key=\"wg4d2\">One of the 58 autopsy reports pertained to Charles Hartfield, an off-duty Las Vegas police officer who was killed in the shooting. After the autopsy reports were released to the public, Hartfield’s widow, Veronica Hartfield, sued the Review-Journal and AP, arguing that the autopsy report contained private medical information and should remain confidential.</p><p data-block-key=\"578sh\">On Feb. 9, Clark County District Court Judge Richard Scotti ruled in favor of Veronica Hartfield, <a href=\"https://www.reviewjournal.com/crime/shootings/judge-orders-las-vegas-review-journal-to-destroy-autopsy-report/\">ordering</a> the Review-Journal and the AP to destroy their copies of Hartfield’s autopsy report and to <a href=\"https://www.cjr.org/watchdog/vegas-shooting-prior-restraint.php\">refrain from publishing</a> any details contained in Hartfield’s autopsy report.</p><p data-block-key=\"6vt6k\">Scotti’s order presented a logistical problem for the Review-Journal and the AP. Since the redacted autopsy reports did not include any of the victims’ identifying information, there was no way for the Review-Journal or the AP to tell which report was Hartfield's.</p><p data-block-key=\"k7awf\">“The only identifying information in the autopsy reports was gender,” Review-Journal managing editor Glenn Cook told the Freedom of the Press Foundation. </p><p data-block-key=\"43hk9\">Cook said that the judge <a href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4390047-Scotti-order-on-temporary-restraining-order-2018.html\">offered</a> the Review-Journal and AP two options, both of which would have infringed on the news organizations' First Amendment rights.</p><p data-block-key=\"ed42a\">“One of the judge’s solutions to this was to hand over all of the information that just been declared public record and was lawfully released, have the Coroner’s Office staff pick out Hartfield’s and promise to give the rest back,” he said. “The most staggering remedy the judge suggested was to allow government employees into our newsroom, go through all of our records, and find that particular report and destroy a legally obtained document.”</p><p data-block-key=\"582vm\">“If anywhere in this country, agents of any government entity were allowed to force their way into a newsroom to rifle through documents and seek out a specific record and destroy it, it would be an unparalleled violation of the press freedoms enshrined in the First Amendment,” he said.</p><p data-block-key=\"9eaeb\">Cook said that he distributed a memo to the Review-Journal newsroom outlining company-wide procedures in the event that representatives of the coroner’s office or Las Vegas police attempt to enter the paper’s newsroom to find Hartfield’s autopsy report.</p><p data-block-key=\"pp1au\">On Feb. 12, the Review-Journal and AP appealed Scotti’s decision, petitioning the Nevada Supreme Court for an emergency writ that would vacate Scotti’s order. The Reporters Committee for Freedom of the Press and the Nevada Press Association filed an amicus curiae brief in support of the news organizations.</p><p data-block-key=\"zfv00\">“Prior restraints on speech and publication cause immediate, irrevocable, and irreversible harm — therefore they are almost always intolerable under the First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution ... Every minute the district court’s order remains in place is another minute of harm suffered by the Media Parties and the public, which is entitled to reporting on the performance of its public agencies,” the petition for an emergency writ states.</p></div>",
"introduction": "",
"teaser": "",
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"image_caption": "<p data-block-key=\"owo1s\">The Nevada Supreme Court, in Carson City, Nevada, found that a lower court's order preventing the Las Vegas Review-Journal and the AP from reporting on a public autopsy report violated the First Amendment.</p>",
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"state": {
"name": "Nevada",
"abbreviation": "NV"
},
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"(2018-02-27 17:30:00+00:00) Emergency writ granted"
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"Las Vegas Review-Journal",
"The Associated Press"
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],
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"Prior Restraint"
],
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{
"title": "Reporter chased onto highway after trying to interview New Jersey funeral director",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/reporter-chased-onto-highway-after-trying-to-interview-new-jersey-funeral-director/",
"first_published_at": "2021-10-21T19:39:38.308806Z",
"last_published_at": "2021-10-21T19:39:38.308806Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2021-10-21T19:39:38.272361Z",
"date": "2018-02-07",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "Hackettstown",
"longitude": -74.82906,
"latitude": 40.85399,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p>NJ Advance Media reporter Stephen Stirling and photographer Andrew Mills were chased onto a highway and threatened by a man they were covering for a story in Hackettstown, New Jersey, on Feb. 7, 2018.</p><p>That day, Stirling and Mills visited the neighborhood of funeral director Joseph Fantasia. His company, which contracted with government agencies to transport the dead, had been accused of mishandling bodies for over two years. In June, the Office of the State Medical Examiner severed its ties with Fantasia’s company, but it still holds contracts with other agencies. Stirling told Freedom of the Press Foundation the news team wanted to photograph Fantasia and determine whether he was still working in the funeral industry.</p><p>“We wanted to photograph him, and see if he was still working in the funeral industry, or going into a funeral home,” Stirling told FPF.</p><p>The journalists waited in their car outside of Fantasia’s house for several hours before he emerged. Once Fantasia exited the house, Stirling said, he “got into his car and drove at us.”</p><p>Stirling said that Fantasia drove his black Cadillac Escalade down the road, pulled up next to the journalists’ car window, and began yelling obscenities.</p><p>Stirling said that after he identified himself as a reporter and made several attempts to interview Fantasia, Mills made the decision to leave out of concern for their safety. Mills declined to comment.</p><p>“Joe [Fantasia] has a history of violent threats—that’s part of what we documented,” Stirling said.</p><p>Stirling said that Fantasia chased them around the neighborhood and then a second black SUV, driven by Fantasia’s neighbor, joined the chase. Both SUVs followed Stirling and Mills onto nearby Route 46.</p><p>“At this point, we were on the phone with 911,” Stirling said. “Joe’s car pulled up alongside and got in front of us, and the other car got behind us, so we were boxed in.”</p><p>Stirling said that the second SUV then moved to the side of their car and slowed down. Stirling said this gave them no choice but to stop, blocking the flow of traffic across the entire highway.</p><p>A police report of the incident obtained by FPF reads, “At this time the driver of the Escalade later identified as Joseph Fantasia exited his vehicle, began to approach the Nissan Altima and was telling in there direction.”</p><p>“They were moving at us aggressively, but thankfully, we didn't have the chance to see what could have happened next — but it wouldn’t have been good,” Stirling said.</p><p>Luckily, Stirling said, one of the cars behind them held two off duty police officers. The officers pulled up alongside the cars, identified themselves, and ordered all three cars to pull over down the road.</p><p>“They put their car in between ours and both of theirs, and they made sure on-duty police officers were on their way,” Stirling said.</p><p>“They stayed until they arrived. I don’t know what would have happened if they weren’t there. They made the best out of what was a bad, scary situation.”</p><p>The altercation was written up as a road rage incident, but neither Fantasia nor his neighbor were arrested or charged for the incident.</p><p>“If there's anything that bothers me as a citizen about this, that’s it,” Stirling said. “Two off duty police officers saw what happened. It’s disappointing that not even a reckless driving citation was issued — it’s hard for me to feel like that doesn’t send a bad message.”</p><p>On March 5, Stirling’s article about Fantasia was published.</p></div>",
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{
"title": "Photographer chased onto highway after trying to interview New Jersey funeral director",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/reporter-and-photographer-chased-highway-after-trying-interview-new-jersey-funeral-director/",
"first_published_at": "2018-03-27T17:59:53.043349Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-04-15T19:02:25.677296Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-04-15T19:02:25.583906Z",
"date": "2018-02-07",
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"city": "Hackettstown",
"longitude": -74.82906,
"latitude": 40.85399,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"nr2j1\">NJ Advance Media photographer Andrew Mills and reporter Stephen Stirling were chased onto a highway and threatened by a man they were covering for a story in Hackettstown, New Jersey, on Feb. 7, 2018.</p><p data-block-key=\"yeq7y\">That day, Mills and Stirling visited the neighborhood of funeral director Joseph Fantasia. His company, which contracted with government agencies to transport the dead, had been accused of mishandling bodies for over two years. In June, the Office of the State Medical Examiner severed its ties with Fantasia’s company, but it still holds contracts with other agencies. Stirling told Freedom of the Press Foundation the news team wanted to photograph Fantasia and determine whether he was still working in the funeral industry.</p><p data-block-key=\"q02lz\">The journalists waited in their car outside of Fantasia’s house for several hours before he emerged. Once Fantasia exited the house, Stirling told FPF, he “got into his car and drove at us.”</p><p data-block-key=\"xxv4z\">Stirling said that Fantasia drove his black Cadillac Escalade down the road, pulled up next to the journalists’ car window, and began yelling obscenities.</p><p data-block-key=\"btm0m\">Stirling said that after he identified himself as a reporter and made several attempts to interview Fantasia, Mills made the decision to leave out of concern for their safety. Mills declined to comment.</p><p data-block-key=\"ac8xq\">Stirling said that Fantasia chased them around the neighborhood and then a second black SUV, driven by Fantasia’s neighbor, joined the chase. Both SUVs followed Stirling and Mills onto nearby Route 46.</p><p data-block-key=\"k9esu\">“At this point, we were on the phone with 911,” Stirling said. “Joe’s car pulled up alongside and got in front of us, and the other car got behind us, so we were boxed in.”</p><p data-block-key=\"ywi2d\">Stirling said that Fantasia’s neighbor’s SUV then moved to the side of their car and slowed down. Stirling said this gave them no choice but to stop, blocking the flow of traffic across the entire highway.</p><p data-block-key=\"fnx0j\">A police report of the incident obtained by FPF reads, “At this time the driver of the Escalade later identified as Joseph Fantasia exited his vehicle, began to approach the Nissan Altima and was yelling in their direction.”</p><p data-block-key=\"1pa7g\">“They were moving at us aggressively, but thankfully, we didn’t have the chance to see what could have happened next — but it wouldn’t have been good,” Stirling said.</p><p data-block-key=\"zc4zn\">Luckily, Stirling said, one of the cars behind them held two off duty police officers. The officers pulled up alongside the cars, identified themselves, and ordered all three cars to pull over down the road.</p><p data-block-key=\"y6351\">“They put their car in between ours and both of theirs, and they made sure on-duty police officers were on their way,” Stirling said. “They stayed until they arrived. I don’t know what would have happened if they weren’t there. They made the best out of what was a bad, scary situation.”</p><p data-block-key=\"hefir\">The altercation was written up as a road rage incident, but <a href=\"https://www.cjr.org/united_states_project/nj-com-highway-chase-story.php\">neither Fantasia nor his neighbor were arrested or charged for the incident</a>.</p><p data-block-key=\"v2yao\">“If there’s anything that bothers me as a citizen about this, that’s it,” Stirling said. “Two off duty police officers saw what happened. It’s disappointing that not even a reckless driving citation was issued — it’s hard for me to feel like that doesn’t send a bad message.”</p><p data-block-key=\"v7kua\">On March 5, Stirling’s <a href=\"https://www.nj.com/news/2018/03/inside_njs_dirty_business_of_moving_the_dead.html\">article about Fantasia</a> was published.</p></div>",
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"name": "New Jersey",
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{
"title": "PIX11 photographer John Frasse attacked with bat during interview",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/pix11-photographer-attacked-man-baseball-bat-new-york-city/",
"first_published_at": "2018-02-14T22:00:38.218924Z",
"last_published_at": "2023-11-16T16:03:49.987078Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2023-11-14T17:58:52.997845Z",
"date": "2018-02-06",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "New York",
"longitude": -74.00597,
"latitude": 40.71427,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"3nu84\">PIX11 photographer John Frasse was <a href=\"http://pix11.com/2018/02/06/help-me-howard-and-pix11-photographer-attacked-by-man-with-baseball-bat/\">attacked</a> by a man wielding a metal baseball bat on Feb. 6, 2018, as his colleague Howard Thompson tried to interview the man.</p><p data-block-key=\"c3dc3\">Thompson is the host of "Help Me Howard," a news segment on PIX11 that aids individuals accused of unscrupulous behavior.</p><p data-block-key=\"ahk0p\">On Jan. 25, Thompson made his first attempt to interview Jose Lebron-Pimentel, the owner of an auto repair shop in the Bronx. Thompson wanted to ask Lebron-Pimentel about allegations that he had refused to honor a court-ordered $2,000 judgement. Thompson left after failing to find Lebron-Pimentel.</p><p data-block-key=\"8a1zl\">On Feb. 6, Thompson and Frasse visited the auto repair shop again. They quickly found Lebron-Pimentel inside the garage, armed with a metal bat. Frasse continued rolling throughout the altercation.</p><p data-block-key=\"icazk\">"Jose? All right, no bats! No bats!" Thompson says as Lebron-Pimentel runs out of the garage with the bat.</p><p data-block-key=\"bvus2\">Lebron-Pimentel chases Thompson and Frass into the street, swinging the bat in their direction and striking Thompson in the arm and Frasse in the hip.</p><p data-block-key=\"4pkzf\">Thompson later said on PIX11 that he called the police immediately after the attack, and officers quickly arrived on the scene and arrested Lebron-Pimentel.</p><p data-block-key=\"i38n1\">The New York City Police Department said that Thompson and Frasse were attacked around noon on East 180th Street, in the Bronx. Lebron-Pimentel was arrested on charges of assault and held on $5,000 bail.</p></div>",
"introduction": "",
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"name": "New York",
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"(2019-11-26 00:00:00+00:00) Man sentenced after attacking New York cameraman"
],
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"Assault"
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"John Frasse (WPIX)"
],
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{
"title": "PIX11 reporter Howard Thompson attacked with bat during interview",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/pix11-reporter-attacked-man-baseball-bat-new-york-city/",
"first_published_at": "2018-02-14T21:54:25.839961Z",
"last_published_at": "2023-11-16T16:03:27.535914Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2023-11-14T17:31:20.832764Z",
"date": "2018-02-06",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "New York",
"longitude": -74.00597,
"latitude": 40.71427,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"k6lhl\">As PIX11 reporter Howard Thompson tried to conduct an on-camera interview with a mechanic in New York on Feb. 6, 2018, the man <a href=\"http://pix11.com/2018/02/06/help-me-howard-and-pix11-photographer-attacked-by-man-with-baseball-bat/\">attacked</a> Thompson and his cameraman with a metal baseball bat.</p><p data-block-key=\"1vjc7\">Thompson is the host of "Help Me Howard," a news segment on PIX11 that confronts individuals accused of unscrupulous behavior.</p><p data-block-key=\"njn01\">On Jan. 25, Thompson made his first attempt to interview Jose Lebron-Pimentel, the owner of an auto repair shop in the Bronx. Thompson wanted to ask Lebron-Pimentel about allegations that he had refused to honor a court-ordered $2,000 judgement. Thompson left after failing to find Lebron-Pimentel.</p><p data-block-key=\"6la8o\">On Feb. 6, Thompson and a PIX11 photographer, John Frasse, visited the auto repair shop again. They quickly found Lebron-Pimentel inside the garage, armed with a metal bat. PIX11 caught the entire altercation on tape.</p><p data-block-key=\"7h7n5\">"Jose? All right, no bats! No bats!" Thompson says as Lebron-Pimentel runs out of the garage with the bat.</p><p data-block-key=\"lzbzr\">Lebron-Pimentel chases Thompson and Frasse into the street, swinging the bat in their direction and striking Thompson in the arm and Frasse in the hip.</p><p data-block-key=\"67waf\">Thompson later said on PIX11 that he called the police immediately after the attack, and officers quickly arrived on the scene and arrested Lebron-Pimentel.</p><p data-block-key=\"mk2wt\">The New York City Police Department said that Thompson and Frasse were attacked around noon on East 180th Street, in the Bronx. Lebron-Pimentel was arrested on charges of assault and held on $5,000 bail.</p></div>",
"introduction": "",
"teaser": "",
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"image_caption": "<p data-block-key=\"13th5\">PIX11 reporter Howard Thompson sits in an ambulance after being attacked by a man whom he was trying to interview.</p>",
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"state": {
"name": "New York",
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"(2019-11-26 00:00:00+00:00) Man sentenced after attacking New York TV reporter on camera"
],
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"Assault"
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"Howard Thompson (WPIX)"
],
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},
{
"title": "Health care reporter kicked off press call following critical coverage of federal agency",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/health-care-reporter-kicked-press-call-following-critical-coverage-federal-agency/",
"first_published_at": "2018-03-06T23:58:35.593385Z",
"last_published_at": "2023-12-21T20:28:41.066423Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2023-12-21T20:28:40.914100Z",
"date": "2018-02-01",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "Washington",
"longitude": -77.03637,
"latitude": 38.89511,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"6klzq\">Virgil Dickinson, the Washington bureau chief for trade publication Modern Healthcare, was kicked off a Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services services press call on Feb. 1, 2018. The denial of access came just a week after a spokesman for CMS threatened to cut off Modern Healthcare’s press access to CMS in retaliation for its coverage. </p><p data-block-key=\"07pem\">On Jan. 23, Modern Healthcare published a story by Dickson about the resignation of an official at the agency. According to the Association of Health Care Journalists, a spokesman representing CMS then emailed both Dickson and his editor, Matthew Weinstock, demanding that part of the article be removed. The spokesman, Brett O’Donnell, is a Republican consultant who was working on behalf of CMS but was not employed by the agency.</p><p data-block-key=\"l5uw6\">“Short of fully correcting the piece we will not be able to include your outlet in further press calls with CMS,” O’Donnell <a href=\"https://healthjournalism.org/blog/2018/02/cms-threatens-to-bar-modern-healthcare-from-press-calls-after-reporter-refuses-to-alter-story/\">reportedly wrote</a> in the email to Weinstock.</p><p data-block-key=\"fhrsj\">On Feb. 1, Dickson was kicked off a CMS press call.</p><p data-block-key=\"ekk07\">Following a public outcry, CMS <a href=\"https://healthjournalism.org/blog/2018/02/cms-makes-amends-with-modern-healthcare-but-questions-remain/\">apologized</a> to Dickson and Modern Healthcare.</p><p data-block-key=\"75dhd\">Aurora Aguilar, the editor-in-chief of Modern Healthcare, told ACHJ that a representative of CMS called her on February 6 and promised that its reporters will continue to have access to press calls.</p></div>",
"introduction": "",
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"state": {
"name": "District of Columbia",
"abbreviation": "DC"
},
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"tags": [],
"politicians_or_public_figures_involved": [
"Federal government: Agency"
],
"authors": [],
"categories": [
"Denial of Access"
],
"targeted_journalists": [
"Virgil Dickinson (Modern Healthcare)"
],
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"type_of_denial": [
"Government event"
]
},
{
"title": "New Hampshire prosecutor demands newspaper hand over unpublished interview",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/new-hampshire-prosecutor-demands-newspaper-hand-over-unpublished-interview/",
"first_published_at": "2018-03-12T21:30:46.785065Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-03-21T19:28:29.151254Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-03-21T19:28:29.031968Z",
"date": "2018-01-29",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "Dover",
"longitude": -70.87367,
"latitude": 43.19786,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"c9gbk\">On Jan. 29, 2018, the Strafford County Attorney’s Office filed a motion to compel the Foster’s Daily Democrat newspaper to turn over an <a href=\"http://www.fosters.com/news/20180307/state-seeks-unpublished-jailhouse-interview-in-sexual-assault-trial\">unpublished jailhouse interview</a> that one of its reporters, Brian Early, had conducted with Joshua Flynn, who is on trial for sexual assault.</p><p data-block-key=\"dh2g5\">The “Motion to Compel Non-Confidential Work Product” asks the Strafford County Superior Court to order Foster’s to turn over “all recordings, notes, memoranda, drafts, documents, and any material memorizing its interview with the defendant, Joshua Flynn.”</p><p data-block-key=\"oa1ju\">According to Foster’s, Early conducted an interview with Flynn at the Strafford County House of Corrections on June 15, 2017, but the paper never published the interview.</p><p data-block-key=\"oqg6h\">New Hampshire’s state constitution includes a “shield law,” a provision that protects journalists from being forced to testify about or disclose certain information related to their reporting.</p><p data-block-key=\"qyppp\">In the <a href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4406145-Strafford-County-Attorney-s-Office-Motion-to.html\">motion to compel</a>, Assistant County Attorney Joachim Barth argues that the shield law does not apply to Early’s interview with Flynn, because the law is intended to allow reporters to protect the identities of their confidential sources and Flynn’s identity is already public.</p><p data-block-key=\"k3n2z\">“At the outset, under the facts here, Mr. Flynn is not a confidential source,” Barth writes in the motion. “He disclosed his intention to conduct an interview with Foster’s both on recorded telephone conversations and in monitored emails; and, Foster’s reporter Brian Early disclosed to undersigned counsel both his intention to conduct an interview with Mr. Flynn, and then confirmed afterwards that he had done so. Moreover, both parties disclosed that the interview concerned the sexual assaults at issue.”</p><p data-block-key=\"7uyh5\">Barth wrote in the motion that the prosecution wants Early to turn over material related to the unpublished interview with Flynn so that it can learn in advance what Flynn plans to say at the trial.</p><p data-block-key=\"bbh4b\">“While Mr. Flynn has previously confessed to the sexual assaults, his telephone and email conversations concerning the Foster’s interview indicate that he now attempts to advance a new, exculpatory account of events," Barth writes, adding that "there is a reasonable possibility that obtaining the defendant's factual claims of a defense will afford the State an opportunity to prepare and offer evidence showing such claims to be demonstrably false.”</p><p data-block-key=\"m1mbg\">On Feb. 7, 2018, Greg Sullivan, the attorney representing Foster’s, filed an <a href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/4406146-Seacoast-Media-Group-Opposition-to-Motion-to.html\">opposition</a> to the prosecution’s motion to compel. Sullivan argues that New Hampshire's shield law protects journalists from being forced to reveal any unpublished information, not just the identities of their confidential sources, in court.</p><p data-block-key=\"1201w\">“Courts have long recognized that a government that requires the press to produce to it unpublished materials degrades the autonomy and independence needed by the press to fulfill its role in educating and informing the citizenry,” Sullivan writes in the opposition.</p></div>",
"introduction": "",
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"subpoena_type": "journalist communications or work product",
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"state": {
"name": "New Hampshire",
"abbreviation": "NH"
},
"updates": [
"(2018-04-03 18:06:00+00:00) Subpoena quashed"
],
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"categories": [
"Subpoena/Legal Order"
],
"targeted_journalists": [
"Brian Early (Foster’s Daily Democrat)"
],
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"quashed"
],
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},
{
"title": "Daily Herald subpoenaed in Laquan McDonald murder case",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/daily-herald-subpoenaed-laquan-mcdonald-murder-case/",
"first_published_at": "2018-02-09T05:22:31.460969Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-04-22T16:45:50.679854Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-04-22T16:45:50.595295Z",
"date": "2018-01-29",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "Arlington Heights",
"longitude": -87.98063,
"latitude": 42.08836,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"e0906\">Attorneys representing Chicago police officer Jason Van Dyke subpoenaed the Daily Herald and two other Chicago-area papers on Jan. 29, 2018, ordering the papers to produce copies of all stories about Van Dyke’s fatal shooting of Laquan McDonald in 2014.</p><p data-block-key=\"gnbsm\">Van Dyke has been charged with murder in connection with the fatal 2014 shooting of Laquan McDonald, a black teenager. His trial is scheduled to begin later this year.</p><p data-block-key=\"0b3qi\">Anne Kavanagh, the media spokesperson for Van Dyke’s attorney Daniel Herbert, said that Van Dyke’s defense team subpoenaed <a href=\"https://www.chicagotribune.com/2018/02/01/lawyers-for-cop-charged-in-laquan-mcdonald-shooting-subpoena-newspapers/\">three newspapers</a> — the Daily Herald, the Chicago Tribune, and the Chicago Sun-Times — to support a motion for a <a href=\"https://chicago.suntimes.com/2018/2/1/18362649/van-dyke-attorney-subpoenas-news-outlets-in-support-of-change-of-venue\">change of venue</a>. Kavanagh declined to comment further, citing a gag order issued by Judge Gaughan.</p><p data-block-key=\"jqgdq\">Van Dyke’s legal team apparently plans to argue that extensive coverage of the Laquan McDonald shooting in Chicago-area newspapers has rendered a fair trial for Van Dyke impossible. Van Dyke’s attorneys plan to petition the court to move the trial out of Cook County, Illinois. The Daily Herald is based in Arlington Heights, a suburb of Chicago that is part of Cook County.</p><p data-block-key=\"eevgb\">The Daily Herald told the Freedom of the Press Foundation that it was served a subpoena on Feb. 7, 2018. The Chicago Sun-Times declined to comment on the subpoena, and the Tribune said that it was served a subpoena on Feb. 5 and planned to contest it.</p><p data-block-key=\"pwfrv\">A <a href=\"https://pressfreedomtracker.us/documents/4/The_People_of_the_State_of_Illinois_v._Jason_Van_Dyke.pdf\">copy of the subpoena</a> to the Tribune, obtained by the Freedom of the Press Foundation, orders the paper to bring “any and all articles and/or publications in the electronic archive containing the name ‘Laquan McDonald’ and/or ‘Jason Van Dyke’” to a hearing before Judge Vincent Gaughan on Feb. 1 at 9 a.m.</p><p data-block-key=\"cp71j\">The articles that Van Dyke’s attorneys are interested in are already publicly available, and it is unclear why they subpoenaed Daily Herald, the Tribune, and the Sun-Times for the articles instead of just searching through the newspapers' archives themselves.</p><p data-block-key=\"w51cx\">This are not the first media subpoena in the Van Dyke case. In 2017, Van Dyke's attorneys tried to subpoena Jamie Kalven, an independent journalist who reported extensively on the Laquan McDonald murder and the Chicago police department's alleged attempts to cover it up. Judge Gaughan quashed that subpoena.</p></div>",
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"state": {
"name": "Illinois",
"abbreviation": "IL"
},
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"targeted_institutions": [
"[Chicago] Daily Herald"
],
"tags": [
"Black Lives Matter"
],
"politicians_or_public_figures_involved": [],
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"categories": [
"Subpoena/Legal Order"
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"pending"
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},
{
"title": "Chicago Sun-Times subpoenaed in Laquan McDonald murder case",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/chicago-sun-times-subpoenaed-laquan-mcdonald-murder-case/",
"first_published_at": "2018-02-09T05:20:08.124741Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-04-23T20:54:57.194898Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-04-23T20:54:56.996462Z",
"date": "2018-01-29",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "Chicago",
"longitude": -87.65005,
"latitude": 41.85003,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"k4kjr\">Attorneys representing Chicago police officer Jason Van Dyke subpoenaed the Chicago Sun-Times and two other Chicago-area papers on Jan. 29, 2018, ordering the papers to produce copies of all stories about Van Dyke’s fatal shooting of Laquan McDonald in 2014.</p><p data-block-key=\"s8bvp\">Van Dyke has been charged with murder in connection with the fatal 2014 shooting of Laquan McDonald, a black teenager. His trial is scheduled to begin later this year.</p><p data-block-key=\"ao28f\">On Feb. 1, the Sun-Times <a href=\"https://chicago.suntimes.com/2018/2/1/18362649/van-dyke-attorney-subpoenas-news-outlets-in-support-of-change-of-venue\">reported</a> that Van Dyke’s attorney had subpoenaed the Sun-Times, the Chicago Tribune, and the Chicago Daily Herald.</p><p data-block-key=\"uziv4\">Sun-Times editor-in-chief Chris Fusco declined to comment when asked about the subpoena. However, the Tribune <a href=\"https://www.chicagotribune.com/2018/02/01/lawyers-for-cop-charged-in-laquan-mcdonald-shooting-subpoena-newspapers/\">confirmed</a> that it was served a subpoena on Feb. 5 and the Daily Herald confirmed that it was served a subpoena on Feb. 7.</p><p data-block-key=\"0v8qu\">The Freedom of the Press Foundation obtained a <a href=\"https://pressfreedomtracker.us/documents/4/The_People_of_the_State_of_Illinois_v._Jason_Van_Dyke.pdf\">copy of the subpoena</a> served on the Tribune. The subpoena, dated Jan. 29, orders the paper to bring “any and all articles and/or publications in the electronic archive containing the name ‘Laquan McDonald’ and/or ‘Jason Van Dyke’” to a pre-trial hearing before judge Vincent Gaughan on Feb. 1 at 9 a.m.</p><p data-block-key=\"udedi\">The articles that Van Dyke’s attorneys are interested in are already publicly available, and it is unclear why they subpoenaed the Tribune, the Sun-Times, and the Daily Herald for the articles instead of just searching through the newspapers' archives themselves.</p><p data-block-key=\"6ghts\">Van Dyke’s legal team apparently plans to argue that extensive coverage of the Laquan McDonald shooting in Chicago-area newspapers has rendered a fair trial for Van Dyke impossible. Van Dyke’s attorneys plan to petition the court to move the trial out of Cook County, Illinois.</p><p data-block-key=\"qdmz4\">Anne Kavanagh, the media spokesperson for Van Dyke’s attorney Daniel Herbert, said that Van Dyke’s defense team subpoenaed the papers to support its motion for a change of venue. Kavanagh declined to comment further, citing a gag order issued by judge Gaughan.</p><p data-block-key=\"j1569\">This are not the first media subpoena in the Van Dyke case. In 2017, Van Dyke’s attorneys tried to subpoena Jamie Kalven, an independent journalist who reported extensively on the Laquan McDonald murder and the Chicago police department's alleged attempts to cover it up. Judge Gaughan quashed that subpoena.</p></div>",
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"(2024-04-22 00:00:00+00:00) Attorneys in Chicago murder case drop Sun-Times subpoena"
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{
"title": "Chicago Tribune subpoenaed in Laquan McDonald murder case",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/chicago-tribune-subpoenaed-laquan-mcdonald-murder-case/",
"first_published_at": "2018-02-09T05:19:01.324692Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-04-22T16:52:03.458140Z",
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"latitude": 41.85003,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"ny8im\">Attorneys representing Chicago police officer Jason Van Dyke subpoenaed the Chicago Tribune and two other Chicago-area papers on Jan. 29, 2018, ordering the papers to produce copies of all stories about Van Dyke’s fatal shooting of Laquan McDonald in 2014.</p><p data-block-key=\"elcnb\">Van Dyke has been charged with murder in connection with the fatal 2014 shooting of Laquan McDonald, a black teenager. His trial is scheduled to begin later this year.</p><p data-block-key=\"btpty\">A <a href=\"https://pressfreedomtracker.us/documents/4/The_People_of_the_State_of_Illinois_v._Jason_Van_Dyke.pdf\">copy of the subpoena</a> to the Tribune, obtained by the Freedom of the Press Foundation, orders the paper to bring “any and all articles and/or publications in the electronic archive containing the name ‘Laquan McDonald’ and/or ‘Jason Van Dyke’” to a hearing before Judge Vincent Gaughan on Feb. 1 at 9 a.m.</p><p data-block-key=\"xuf8q\">The articles that Van Dyke’s attorneys are interested in are already publicly available, and it is unclear why they subpoenaed the Tribune for the articles instead of just searching through the Tribune’s archives themselves.</p><p data-block-key=\"8skp7\">On Feb. 1, both the <a href=\"https://www.chicagotribune.com/2018/02/01/lawyers-for-cop-charged-in-laquan-mcdonald-shooting-subpoena-newspapers/\">Tribune</a> and the <a href=\"https://chicago.suntimes.com/2018/2/1/18362649/van-dyke-attorney-subpoenas-news-outlets-in-support-of-change-of-venue\">Sun-Times</a> reported that Van Dyke’s attorney had subpoenaed the Tribune, the Chicago Sun-Times and the Chicago Daily Herald.</p><p data-block-key=\"k0sut\">On Feb. 6, Tribune attorney Karen Flax told the Freedom of the Press Foundation that the Tribune had been served the subpoena and planned to contest it. The Sun-Times declined to comment and the Daily Herald did not respond to multiple requests for comment.</p><p data-block-key=\"0ta2m\">Van Dyke’s legal team apparently plans to argue that extensive coverage of the Laquan McDonald shooting in Chicago-area newspapers has rendered a fair trial for Van Dyke impossible. Van Dyke’s attorneys plan to petition the court to move the trial out of Cook County, Illinois.</p><p data-block-key=\"ssjmx\">Anne Kavanagh, the media spokesperson for Van Dyke’s attorney Daniel Herbert, said that Van Dyke’s defense team subpoenaed the papers to support its motion for a change of venue. Kavanagh declined to comment further, citing a gag order issued by Judge Gaughan.</p><p data-block-key=\"ngc4o\">This are not the first media subpoena in the Van Dyke case. In 2017, Van Dyke's attorneys tried to subpoena Jamie Kalven, an independent journalist who reported extensively on the Laquan McDonald murder and the Chicago police department's alleged attempts to cover it up. Judge Gaughan quashed that subpoena.</p></div>",
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"Chicago Tribune"
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{
"title": "Man arrested after threatening to kill CNN staffers",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/man-arrested-after-threatening-kill-cnn-staffers/",
"first_published_at": "2018-01-23T04:51:53.385272Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-04-15T19:15:03.065759Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-04-15T19:15:02.967326Z",
"date": "2018-01-22",
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"city": "Atlanta",
"longitude": -84.38798,
"latitude": 33.749,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"jvmqz\">A man in Michigan was arrested by the FBI and accused of threatening to murder CNN employees, Atlanta news station WGCL-TV reported on Jan. 22, 2018.</p><p data-block-key=\"400jl\">The man allegedly made 22 threatening calls to CNN’s headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia on Jan. 9 and 10, according to an unsealed <a href=\"https://www.scribd.com/document/369707813/Metro-Detroit-man-threatens-CNN-multiple-times\">criminal complaint</a>. </p><p data-block-key=\"yrpr9\">“Fake news. I’m coming to gun you down,” the man allegedly said during one call.</p><p data-block-key=\"38zxx\">“I have a gun and I am coming to Georgia right now to go to the CNN headquarters to fucking gun every single last one of you,” he allegedly said during another call. “I have a team of people. It’s going to be great, man ... You gotta get prepared for this one, buddy.”</p><p data-block-key=\"hrsww\">The FBI arrested Brian Griesemer, and he was <a href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/feds-man-threatened-to-kill-cnn-employees-over-fake-news\">charged</a> in connection with the threats against CNN employees. He was also accused of making threats against a mosque in Ann Arbor, Michigan.</p><p data-block-key=\"phmpc\">“We take any threats to CNN employees or workplaces, around the world, extremely seriously,” CNN said in a <a href=\"https://twitter.com/brianstelter/status/955649229308997632\">statement</a>. “This one is no exception. We have been in touch with local and federal law enforcement throughout, and have taken all necessary measures to ensure the safety of our people.”</p><p data-block-key=\"duzmm\">President Donald Trump has repeatedly targeted CNN, referring to the network and its journalists as “fake news” and even re-tweeting memes that made light of threats of violence against CNN reporters.</p></div>",
"introduction": "",
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"name": "Georgia",
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{
"title": "California Highway Patrol officer stops local radio host, seizes his press pass",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/california-highway-patrol-officer-stops-local-radio-host-seizes-his-press-pass/",
"first_published_at": "2018-02-22T23:46:52.269598Z",
"last_published_at": "2023-12-21T20:32:31.338425Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2023-12-21T20:32:31.228955Z",
"date": "2018-01-20",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "Montecito",
"longitude": -119.63208,
"latitude": 34.43666,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"58ngu\">On Jan. 20, 2018, a California Highway Patrol officer stopped local radio host Marcus Victor, who was reporting on mudslides in the area, and seized his press pass. Victor and two of his colleagues were briefly detained and threatened with arrest for attempting to enter a “public exclusion zone.”</p><p data-block-key=\"qfctw\">Victor, a program host for KZAA 96.5 FM, told the Freedom of the Press Foundation that he was driving to Montecito, California, where he planned to interview a local resident about the mudslides in the area, when his car was stopped by a CHP officer. Victor said that there were three other people in the car with him — two KZAA colleagues, who each had a press pass, and a local resident who knew the person that Victor planned to interview.</p><p data-block-key=\"c2hkz\">Victor said that he and his colleagues showed their press passes to the CHP officer, whom he identified as “T. Adrianse,” but the officer did not believe that the press passes were authentic.</p><p data-block-key=\"pwhf5\">Victor said that CHP officer Adrianse photographed him, as well as his drivers license and license plate, and then threatened to arrest him for being in an exclusionary zone and for possession of (what the officer believed to be) a fraudulent press pass.</p><p data-block-key=\"v3s2g\">Victor was released without being arrested, but he was unable to complete the interview (since he couldn’t get access to the exclusion zone) and his press pass was never returned to him.</p><p data-block-key=\"tqx4r\">On Jan. 10, Santa Barbara County <a href=\"https://www.edhat.com/news/montecito-declared-public-safety-zone\">declared</a> a “public safety exclusion zone” near Montecito, California, due to dangerous mudslides. Under <a href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/codes_displaySection.xhtml?lawCode=PEN&sectionNum=409.5\">California law</a>, authorities can prevent members of the public from accessing exclusion zones, but they are supposed to allow any “duly authorized representative of any news service, newspaper, or radio or television station” to enter the area.</p><p data-block-key=\"bfvzr\">The Santa Barbara California Highway Patrol told the Freedom of the Press Foundation that it has had issues in the past with non-journalists attempting to access exclusion zones.</p><p data-block-key=\"g0fbs\">“I will let you know we have an issue with people posing as press employees to gain access to the evacuation zone,” Santa Barbara CHP officer Jonathan Gutierrez said. “Every time there is a disaster there is always an issue of looters.”</p><p data-block-key=\"5eysg\">Gutierrez said that Adrianse, the officer who stopped Victor, believed that the press pass looked to be homemade and therefore fraudulent.</p><p data-block-key=\"2v300\">“The press passes looked to be fake and could have easily been home made on a basic printer,” he said. “The officer obtained the alleged press pass and called the sergeant on duty, he took a picture and forwarded it to the sergeant who also agreed the passes looked to be fake.”</p><p data-block-key=\"dzso9\">Gutierrez also said that officer Adrianse had other reasons to suspect that Victor was not a legitimate journalist covering the mudslides. He said that Adrianse had tried to verify that Victor was a real journalist by using his mobile phone to search online for KZAA’s coverage of the mudslides. When he found KZAA’s Facebook page and saw that it had not posted or shared any stories about the mudslides, he concluded that Victor was not really a journalist on assignment.</p><p data-block-key=\"chxm6\">“The officer believed Mr. Lopez was not doing a story about the Montecito mudslide but abusing his position as an employee at a local radio station to travel freely in and out the Montecito Evacuation zone,” Gutierrez said.</p><p data-block-key=\"vr0kq\">Gutierrez added that Victor and other journalists seeking to access the exclusion zone should apply for official press passes from the Santa Barbara County Sheriff’s Department.</p><p data-block-key=\"8szm7\">Victor told the Freedom of the Press Foundation that the KZAA press passes were of “poor quality,” but he was still surprised to be stopped because CHP officers had previously accepted the passes.</p><p data-block-key=\"zw3g6\">“In this zone, there were several roadblocks/checkpoints which we got through, but this officer decided our passes were fraudulent,” he said.</p></div>",
"introduction": "",
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{
"quantity": 1,
"equipment": "press identification"
}
],
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"state": {
"name": "California",
"abbreviation": "CA"
},
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"Law enforcement: State"
],
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"Equipment Search or Seizure"
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"targeted_journalists": [
"Marcus Victor (KZAA-FM)"
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"Press credential or media list",
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},
{
"title": "Documentary journalist Nora Donaghy subpoenaed to testify before grand jury",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/documentary-journalist-nora-donaghy-subpoenaed-testify-grand-jury/",
"first_published_at": "2018-02-02T06:29:17.861944Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-05-21T19:04:22.484692Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-05-21T19:04:22.274359Z",
"date": "2018-01-18",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "Los Angeles",
"longitude": -118.24368,
"latitude": 34.05223,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"uogqx\">Nora Donaghy, a journalist and producer working on a documentary series about controversial record producer Marion “Suge” Knight, had her phone seized and searched by two police officers on Jan. 18, 2018, according to a sealed declaration filed in court and obtained by The Hollywood Reporter. She has also been subpoenaed to testify in front of a grand jury about her interview with Knight.</p><p data-block-key=\"f35ii\">That morning, two police officers visited Donaghy at her home in Los Angeles and presented her with a search warrant, according to a declaration that she filed with the court. The declaration was filed under seal but <a href=\"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/two-tv-journalists-fight-grand-jury-subpoena-interviewing-suge-knight-prison-1077357/\">obtained by THR</a>.</p><p data-block-key=\"dtbd3\">"One of the officers told me that I was required by the warrant to hand over my cellphone,” Donaghy wrote in the declaration. “They also asked me for my passcode and asked me to type the passcode into the phone in their presence to make sure it worked. Believing I had no alternative and frightened by the unexpected arrival of two homicide officers at my home, early in the morning, I gave them my iPhone and the passcode and showed them it worked.”</p><p data-block-key=\"q56rg\">In the declaration, Donaghy stated that her phone contained “highly sensitive” information, including unpublished work and communications about sources.</p><p data-block-key=\"deiq7\">THR reports that Donaghy and a colleague, William Erb, are documentary filmmakers working on a six-part series about Death Row Records, the rap label that Knight co-founded. The two interviewed Knight in prison for the documentary series, which is being produced by eOne and will air later this year on the BET network.</p><p data-block-key=\"pffur\">In 2015, Knight was arrested and charged with murder after a fatal hit-and-run collision on a movie set that killed his friend Terry Carter. Knight has also been suspected of involvement in the unsolved 1996 murder of rapper Tupac Shakur, who was signed to his label, and the 1997 murder of rapper Biggie Smalls. THR reports that Donaghy and Erb interviewed Knight about the Tupac murder for the upcoming BET series.</p><p data-block-key=\"ybm61\">According to THR, Donaghy and Erb have been subpoenaed to testify in front of a grand jury about the interview with Knight, and attorneys representing the filmmakers have filed a motion to quash the subpoena, arguing that California’s shield law prevents the state from forcing journalists to testify about their work.</p><p data-block-key=\"tqgji\">“This is the kind of gross overreaching that California’s shield law and related provisions have been designed to prevent,” the motion to quash the subpoena states, according to THR.</p><p data-block-key=\"cwdcp\">On Jan. 26, THR reporter Eriq Gardner reported on Twitter that the judge overseeing the case ruled on the motion to quash, but the judge's ruling was not made public.</p></div>\n<div class=\"block-tweet\"><div class=\"tweet-embed\">\n <div>\n <blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">A quick update on this. There has been a ruling, but the judge has ordered the entire thing under seal so unclear the result. Will update further when I know more. <a href=\"https://t.co/mtTXxljQgb\">https://t.co/mtTXxljQgb</a></p>— Eriq Gardner ✍️ (@eriqgardner) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/eriqgardner/status/956895832724398080?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">January 26, 2018</a></blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script>\n\n\n</div>\n\n</div>\n</div>",
"introduction": "",
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"image_caption": "<p data-block-key=\"mo445\">Rap mogul Suge Knight appears in court for an arraignment hearing in his murder trial in Los Angeles, California, on April 30, 2015.</p>",
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{
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}
],
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"state": {
"name": "California",
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},
"updates": [
"(2018-01-26 00:00:00+00:00) Court quashes subpoena of producer who interviewed Suge Knight"
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"categories": [
"Subpoena/Legal Order",
"Equipment Search or Seizure"
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"Nora Donaghy (Entertainment One)"
],
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"unknown"
],
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},
{
"title": "Documentary journalist William Erb subpoenaed to testify before grand jury",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/documentary-journalist-william-erb-subpoenaed-testify-grand-jury/",
"first_published_at": "2018-02-02T06:39:42.720508Z",
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"longitude": -118.24368,
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"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"yw3f7\">William Erb, a journalist and producer working on a documentary series about controversial record producer Marion “Suge” Knight, was subpoenaed on Jan. 17, 2018, to testify before a grand jury, according to a sealed declaration filed in court and obtained by The Hollywood Reporter.</p><p data-block-key=\"g02gm\">THR reports that Erb and a colleague, Nora Donaghy, are documentary filmmakers working on a six-part series about Death Row Records, the rap label that Knight co-founded. The two interviewed Knight in prison for the documentary series, which is being produced by eOne and will air later this year on the BET network.</p><p data-block-key=\"q1jeu\">In 2015, Knight was arrested and charged with murder after a fatal hit-and-run collision on a movie set that killed his friend Terry Carter. Knight has also been suspected of involvement in the unsolved 1996 murder of rapper Tupac Shakur, who was signed to his label, and the 1997 murder of rapper Biggie Smalls. THR reports that Erb and Donaghy interviewed Knight about the Tupac murder for the upcoming BET series.</p><p data-block-key=\"jwh5i\">In a sealed court filing <a href=\"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/two-tv-journalists-fight-grand-jury-subpoena-interviewing-suge-knight-prison-1077357/\">obtained by THR</a>, Erb stated that he received a call from a police investigator last year who told him that he had broken the law by interviewing Knight in prison. Erb also said in the declaration that two detectives visited him at his home on Jan. 17, 2018, and served him a grand jury subpoena.</p><p data-block-key=\"kcmra\">Attorneys for Erb and Donaghy have filed a motion to quash the subpoena, arguing that California’s shield law prevents the state from forcing journalists to testify about their work.</p><p data-block-key=\"e1luz\">“This is the kind of gross overreaching that California’s shield law and related provisions have been designed to prevent,” the motion to quash the subpoena states, according to THR.</p><p data-block-key=\"4d2i6\">On Jan. 26, THR reporter Eriq Gardner reported on Twitter that the judge overseeing the case ruled on the motion to quash, but the judge’s ruling was not made public.</p></div>\n<div class=\"block-tweet\"><div class=\"tweet-embed\">\n <div>\n <blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">A quick update on this. There has been a ruling, but the judge has ordered the entire thing under seal so unclear the result. Will update further when I know more. <a href=\"https://t.co/mtTXxljQgb\">https://t.co/mtTXxljQgb</a></p>— Eriq Gardner ✍️ (@eriqgardner) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/eriqgardner/status/956895832724398080?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">January 26, 2018</a></blockquote>\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script>\n\n\n</div>\n\n</div>\n</div>",
"introduction": "",
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"primary_video": null,
"image_caption": "<p data-block-key=\"z2xs8\">Rap mogul Suge Knight appears in court for an arraignment hearing in his murder trial in Los Angeles, California, on April 30, 2015.</p>",
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"name": "California",
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"(2018-01-26 00:00:00+00:00) Court quashes subpoena of journalist who interviewed Suge Knight"
],
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"Subpoena/Legal Order"
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"William Erb (Entertainment One)"
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"unknown"
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},
{
"title": "Subpoena for WCAX-TV footage of police shooting quashed; decision unsealed more than a year later",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/subpoena-for-wcax-tv-footage-of-police-shooting-quashed-decision-unsealed-more-than-a-year-later/",
"first_published_at": "2021-03-08T17:38:25.567865Z",
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"date": "2018-01-17",
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"city": "Burlington",
"longitude": -73.21207,
"latitude": 44.47588,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p>CBS-affiliate station WCAX-TV in Burlington, Vermont, was subpoenaed by the Washington County State’s Attorney in Vermont on Jan. 17, 2018, for video footage of a fatal police shooting of a suspect at Montpelier High School the day before. The subpoena was issued as part of an inquest — a closed-door investigative proceeding overseen by the court — after the State’s Attorney learned that the station had a 38-minute video recording, including the shooting of the suspect by the police.<br/><br/>According to <a href=\"https://law.justia.com/cases/vermont/supreme-court/2019/2018-392.html\">court records</a>, a suspected armed robber fled to the grounds of Montpelier High School where police shot and killed him after he refused to surrender his gun. The Washington County State’s Attorney convened an inquest a day after the shooting to determine whether police had acted lawfully after it was found that the suspect was armed with a BB gun.<br/><br/> On Jan. 26, WCAX-TV filed a motion to quash the subpoena, citing the state shield law that protects journalists from compelled disclosure of information and sources. The court granted the station’s motion to quash, making it the first under the state’s media shield law, which was enacted in 2017. The ruling, however, remained sealed as the state’s investigation of the shooting continued.<br/><br/> In April 2018, the inquest was completed and the state decided that it would not bring any charges against the police officers involved in the shooting. WCAX-TV then moved to unseal the trial court’s decision to quash the subpoena. The trial court denied the motion, stating that the order was confidential because it concerned an inquest.<br/><br/> The station appealed the trial court’s decision, arguing the court’s order should be made accessible to the public under the Vermont Rules for Public Access to Court Records. The station also argued that making the decision public was important because of the media shield law precedent.</p><p>The Vermont Supreme Court granted the appeal; the trial court’s decision was reversed on July 19, 2019, and its decision to quash the subpoena was unsealed. In that decision, the court noted that the state prosecutors failed to establish that the information in the video recording could not be sought through alternative sources.</p></div>",
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"name": "Vermont",
"abbreviation": "VT"
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"WCAX-TV"
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"Subpoena/Legal Order"
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"quashed"
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{
"title": "White House aides shout down CNN’s Jim Acosta as he questions President Trump",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/white-house-aides-shout-down-jim-acosta-he-questions-president-trump/",
"first_published_at": "2018-01-24T17:24:41.187402Z",
"last_published_at": "2025-02-07T17:57:14.981427Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2025-02-07T17:57:14.878952Z",
"date": "2018-01-16",
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"city": "Washington",
"longitude": -77.03637,
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"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"2jz8z\">CNN chief White House Correspondent Jim Acosta said that White House aides shouted at him as he tried to ask questions of President Trump in the Oval Office on Jan. 16, 2018.</p><p data-block-key=\"yhvr0\">Acosta, along with other members of the press, covered a meeting at the White House between Trump and President Nursultan Nazarbayev of Kazakhstan. During the meeting, Acosta asked Trump, “Did you say you want more people to come into the country from Norway, Mr. President?”</p><p data-block-key=\"9bs4y\">Trump responded, “I want them to come in from everywhere … everywhere. Thank you very much, everybody.” </p><p data-block-key=\"1nab7\">Acosta later tweeted that White House aides shouted in his face and drowned him out as he continued to ask the president questions.</p><p data-block-key=\"fsyoi\">At a photo opportunity in the Oval Office, Acosta again asked Trump if he preferred that only white immigrants come to the United States. </p><p data-block-key=\"6rpds\">In response, Acosta said, Trump pointed at him and told him, “Out.” </p><p data-block-key=\"22nb9\">On Jan. 17, Acosta participated in a panel discussion on press freedom at the Newseum in Washington, D.C. During the panel discussion, Acosta said that he considers being kicked out of the Oval Office for asking the president if he was a racist to be a badge of honor. </p><p data-block-key=\"nu5wb\">Acosta is an outspoken critic of the Trump administration, and particularly its treatment of the press. Trump frequently criticizes Acosta on Twitter, often labeling both him and CNN as "fake news."</p></div>\n<div class=\"block-raw_html\"><blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">In Oval Office pool spray, I asked why Trump wants more people to come in from Norway. He said he wants people to come in from everywhere. Verbatim coming.</p>— Jim Acosta (@Acosta) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/Acosta/status/953316336834371586?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">January 16, 2018</a></blockquote>\r\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script>\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">As I attempted to ask questions in Roosevelt Room of Trump, WH press aides shouted in my face to drown out my questions. I have never encountered that before.</p>— Jim Acosta (@Acosta) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/Acosta/status/953323562835890177?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">January 16, 2018</a></blockquote>\r\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script>\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">When I tried to follow up on this in the Oval Office, Trump told me to get "out." We then went to the Roosevelt Room where WH aides obstructed us from asking questions. <a href=\"https://t.co/vuEIv1jvso\">https://t.co/vuEIv1jvso</a></p>— Jim Acosta (@Acosta) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/Acosta/status/953334039670394881?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">January 16, 2018</a></blockquote>\r\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script>\r\n\r\n<blockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\" data-lang=\"en\"><p lang=\"en\" dir=\"ltr\">CNN’s <a href=\"https://twitter.com/Acosta?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">@Acosta</a> was kicked out of the Oval Office for asking the president if he was a racist - “and I consider that a badge of honor” <a href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/USPressFreedom?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#USPressFreedom</a></p>— Newseum (@Newseum) <a href=\"https://twitter.com/Newseum/status/953788971649290241?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">January 18, 2018</a></blockquote>\r\n<script async src=\"https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js\" charset=\"utf-8\"></script></div>",
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"image_caption": "<p data-block-key=\"tf0z1\">White House Press Secretary Sean Spicer waits for CNN correspondent Jim Acosta to finish speaking on camera before he starts the daily press briefing at the White House, on March 9, 2017.</p>",
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"tags": [
"Donald Trump",
"immigration"
],
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"Federal government: White House"
],
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"categories": [
"Denial of Access"
],
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"Jim Acosta (CNN)"
],
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"Other"
]
},
{
"title": "Trump vows to take a ‘strong look’ at libel laws",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/trump-vows-take-strong-look-libel-laws/",
"first_published_at": "2018-01-11T18:29:16.598294Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-04-15T19:22:19.821849Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-04-15T19:22:19.718376Z",
"date": "2018-01-10",
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"city": "Washington",
"longitude": -77.03637,
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"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"fyedm\">President Donald Trump said during a Cabinet meeting on Jan. 10, 2018 that he wanted to “a strong look” at changing libel laws.</p><p data-block-key=\"rs11q\">“We are going to take a strong look at our country’s libel laws,” he <a href=\"https://twitter.com/grynbaum/status/951147516694802432\">said</a>. “So that when somebody says something that is false and defamatory about someone, that person will have meaningful recourse in our courts. If somebody says something that is totally false, and knowingly false, that the person that has been abused, defamed, libeled, will have meaningful recourse. Our current libel laws are a sham and a disgrace and do not represent American values or American fairness. So we’re going to take a strong look at that. We want fairness. Can’t say things that are false, knowingly false, and be able to smile as money pours into your bank account. We are going to take a very, very strong look at that, and I think what the American people want to see is fairness.”</p><p data-block-key=\"ayfgv\">There is no federal libel law, but <a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/11/14/business/media/can-libel-laws-be-changed-under-trump.html\">state-level libel laws</a> already give plaintiffs the opportunity for “meaningful recourse” in the courts. Under the current standard for defamation and libel, which is based on landmark Supreme Court rulings like New York Times v. Sullivan, a publication can be held liable for printing a statement that it knows to be false and that harms a subject’s reputation.</p><p data-block-key=\"tuaqy\">Trump has long advocated for changing libel laws. During his 2016 presidential election campaign, he <a href=\"https://cpj.org/2016/12/transition-to-trump-first-amendment-attorney-floyd/\">said</a> that he wanted to “<a href=\"https://www.politico.com/blogs/on-media/2016/02/donald-trump-libel-laws-219866\">open up</a>” libel laws, and in March 2017 he suggested that The New York Times should be sued under broadened libel laws.</p><p data-block-key=\"vf76v\">Despite Trump’s threats, the president cannot unilaterally change libel laws, according to First Amendment scholars. </p></div>",
"introduction": "",
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"image_caption": "<p data-block-key=\"e330x\">President Donald Trump, flanked by Secretary of State Rex Tillerson and Defense Secretary James Mattis, holds a cabinet meeting at the White House, on January 10, 2018.</p>",
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{
"title": "President Trump tries to stop release of journalist’s book ‘Fire and Fury’",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/president-trump-tries-stop-release-journalists-book-fire-and-fury/",
"first_published_at": "2018-01-04T21:44:37.076709Z",
"last_published_at": "2025-01-02T18:51:21.133154Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2025-01-02T18:51:21.002213Z",
"date": "2018-01-04",
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"city": "New York",
"longitude": -74.00597,
"latitude": 40.71427,
"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"elqwx\">On Jan. 4, 2018, President Donald Trump’s attorney sent a <a href=\"https://www.politico.com/f/?id=00000160-c1d4-dcd4-a96b-f5fd89f70001\">cease and desist letter</a> to journalist Michael Wolff, the author of an upcoming book critical of the Trump administration, and to the president of Henry Holt & Co., the book’s publisher.</p><p data-block-key=\"ncaxr\">The book, titled “Fire and Fury: Inside the White House,” offers a close-up account of the chaos of the Trump administration, and was originally scheduled to be released on Jan. 9. Copies of the book have already shipped to bookstores and news outlets.</p><p data-block-key=\"ywv40\">After the Guardian obtained a copy of the book and reported on its contents, and New York magazine published an extended excerpt of the book, the publication date was moved up to Jan. 5.</p><p data-block-key=\"c3vn6\">The cease and desist letter was <a href=\"https://www.politico.com/story/2018/01/04/trump-cease-and-desist-michael-wolff-fire-and-fury-book-324023\">sent</a> by attorney Charles Harder, who previously represented Melania Trump in a defamation lawsuit against the Daily Mail and a Maryland blogger. Harder has represented a number of high-profile public figures in lawsuits against media organizations, most notably serving as one of Hulk Hogan’s attorneys in the wrestler’s invasion of privacy lawsuit against Gawker Media.</p><p data-block-key=\"ix154\">“Mr. Trump hereby demands that you immediately cease and desist from any further publication, release or dissemination of the Book, the Article, or any excerpts or summaries of either of them, to any person or entity, and that you issue a full and complete retraction and apology to my client as to all statements made about him in the Book and Article that lack competent evidentiary support,” the cease and desist letter reads.</p><p data-block-key=\"fiox2\">The letter <a href=\"http://money.cnn.com/2018/01/04/media/president-trump-legal-threat-michael-wolff/index.html\">warns</a> that Wolff and Henry Holt & Co. could be liable for “defamation by libel” if they go ahead and publish the book.</p><p data-block-key=\"5rg0y\">“We see ‘Fire and Fury’ as an extraordinary contribution to our national discourse, and are proceeding with the publication of the book,” Henry Holt & Co. said in a statement.</p><p data-block-key=\"jq7yv\">On Jan. 3, Harder <a href=\"http://money.cnn.com/2018/01/04/media/president-trump-legal-threat-michael-wolff/index.html\">sent</a> a similar cease and desist letter to Stephen Bannon, the former White House senior strategist who is quoted in the book.</p><p data-block-key=\"fiwgj\">Throughout his presidential campaign and presidency, Trump has threatened to sue numerous journalists and news organizations for defamation, but he has never followed through on these threats.</p></div>",
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"state": {
"name": "New York",
"abbreviation": "NY"
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"targeted_institutions": [
"Henry Holt & Company"
],
"tags": [
"Donald Trump"
],
"politicians_or_public_figures_involved": [],
"authors": [],
"categories": [
"Chilling Statement"
],
"targeted_journalists": [
"Michael Wolff (Independent)"
],
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},
{
"title": "Photojournalist stopped for secondary screening at CBP preclearance in Canada",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/photojournalist-stopped-secondary-screening-cbp-preclearance-canada/",
"first_published_at": "2019-11-21T16:54:27.917446Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-02-06T17:46:57.608966Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-02-06T17:46:57.520990Z",
"date": "2017-12-28",
"exact_date_unknown": false,
"city": "Vancouver",
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"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"29sis\">Photojournalist John Rudoff was stopped for secondary screening at U.S. Customs and Border Protection preclearance in Vancouver, Canada, on Dec. 28, 2017, while en route from Bangladesh.</p><p data-block-key=\"do3c2\">Rudoff told the Committee to Protect Journalists that ever since he took multiple trips to Greece following the refugee crisis and traveled to Cuba, he has been stopped for secondary screening when reentering the U.S. He said the screenings happen whether he is traveling alone or with family.</p><p data-block-key=\"phx8d\">Rudoff said he was traveling light in December 2017, but was carrying all of his photography gear with him. After passing through preclearance screening, Rudoff was taken aside to a waiting area to wait for his name to be called. Rudoff said he seemed to be the only U.S. citizen directed there.</p><p data-block-key=\"l88m5\">When his turn came up, officers went through his bags and patted him down. Rudoff told CPJ that the pat down was not irregular, as his hip replacement sets of alarms on many airport security systems.</p><p data-block-key=\"smvrn\">Rudoff said that the officer searching his bags did not go through his cellphone or laptop, which he keeps encrypted and powered down when he travels. Officers did ask him to turn his two cameras on and off, Rudoff added, but did not ask him to go through the photos and did not go through the photos themselves.</p><p data-block-key=\"c5gjv\">The screenings, Rudoff said, were frequent enough that he learned to plan ahead for them. “And it’s obviously targeted, but it’s so predictable that I just factor it in.”</p><p data-block-key=\"soy1i\">Rudoff told CPJ that none of the CBP officers who have searched him in secondary screening have offered an explanation as to why he is so often flagged for additional searches. “I have no choice, at least so far,” Rudoff said.</p><p data-block-key=\"l3r6h\">The U.S. Press Freedom Tracker includes incidents only from 2017 forward.</p></div>",
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{
"title": "Berkeleyside reporter Emilie Raguso subpoenaed to testify in criminal trial",
"url": "https://pressfreedomtracker.us/all-incidents/berkeleyside-reporter-emilie-raguso-subpoenaed-testify-criminal-trial/",
"first_published_at": "2018-01-12T17:48:33.609454Z",
"last_published_at": "2024-04-15T19:28:42.706988Z",
"latest_revision_created_at": "2024-04-15T19:28:42.611529Z",
"date": "2017-12-15",
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"city": "Berkeley",
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"body": "<div class=\"block-rich_text\"><p data-block-key=\"8fczi\">Emilie Raguso, senior reporter for Berkeleyside, was subpoenaed in December 2017 to testify in a criminal trial about statements made by one of her sources. Raguso fought the subpoena, and it was dropped on Jan. 2, 2018.</p><p data-block-key=\"ifwrw\">Raguso had been reporting on a man named William Turner, who had a string of arrests for crimes involving children, including public indecency and harassing a child. </p><p data-block-key=\"yxvzf\">Raguso told the Freedom of the Press Foundation that an investigator with the Alameda County Public Defender’s Office contacted her, both through email and Facebook, to ask her about statements that one of Raguso's victims had made. Raguso had used the victim’s statements in her reporting.</p><p data-block-key=\"4xwvc\">In mid-December 2017, she said, the Alameda County Public Defender’s Office investigator showed up at her apartment and issued her a subpoena to testify in Turner’s criminal trial. Raguso had been covering the case for months but, as a result of the subpoena, was unable to hear and report on the testimony of the main victim in the case.</p><p data-block-key=\"ywhmy\">“It will impact and limit how I am able to cover the story, which does not serve the community,” she said of the subpoena.</p><p data-block-key=\"nnp5w\">Raguso wrote in a Dec. 26 declaration that as a journalist, she must remain objective and detached from active participation in stories that she covers. </p><p data-block-key=\"md4ba\">“My participation as a witness will also compromise my ability and effectiveness in covering future stories about Defendant Turner — whom I have been covering for some time now — thereby further affecting my ability to do my job in the future.”</p><p data-block-key=\"t3d50\">Her attorneys filed a motion to quash the subpoena on Dec. 27, arguing that California’s “press shield law” protected Raguso from being compelled to testify about unpublished information.</p><p data-block-key=\"mt346\">“The subpoena that was issued by the public defender in this case to Emilie was not in any way limited to just published material,” Zachary Colbeth, Raguso’s attorney, told the Freedom of the Press Foundation in an email. “We also believe that had Emilie been compelled to testify, both the public defender and the prosecution would have inevitably wandered, or been tempted to wander, into seeking testimony about unpublished materials.”</p><p data-block-key=\"gs3wa\">The subpoena was <a href=\"https://firstamendmentcoalition.org/2018/01/victory-facs-subpoena-defense-initiative/\">dropped</a> on Jan. 2, 2018. According to Colbeth, the public defender's office withdrew the subpoena after questioning the alleged victim in the case, making the motion to quash the subpoena moot.</p><p data-block-key=\"t9vlc\">“It was disturbing to me how aggressive they were in trying to get me to testify,” Raguso said. “To bring me in as a third party seemed like an inappropriate role for a journalist to have.”</p></div>",
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"state": {
"name": "California",
"abbreviation": "CA"
},
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"Subpoena/Legal Order"
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"Emilie Raguso (Berkeleyside)"
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